Osteochondrosis of the spine is a disease caused by the destruction of bone and cartilage tissues of the neck, chest and lumbar spine.
First, the central part of the spine is modified with the progress of the disease - the so -called jet core. For this reason, the vertebra loses part of its shock -absorbing properties, and the refinement and cracks form on the fibrous ring along the periphery of the disc.
A further progression of the osteochondrosis of the spine as a result leads to complications in the disease - the lead of windows or fracture fiber ring and herniated disc hernia. The instability of the spine in the affected area leads to pain and a limited mobility of the head in osteochondrosis of the cervical spine and to a limited mobility of the body with osteochondrosis of the thoracic spine and lumbar spine.
In 75% of the cases, it is exactly osteochondrosis of the spine, which is the cause of back pain. With increasing age, the risk of dystrophy of the spine tissue increases significantly, so the symptoms of the spine osteochondrosis are observed on average in every second resident of the planet over 30 years.
The causes of osteochondrosis of the spine
Provocative factors in the development of osteochondrosis of the spine are considered back injuries or systematic stress on the back with hard physical work or professional employment under vibration conditions. If you have to do a lot of loading and unloading work, buy the hydraulic collection for your car.
The early manifestation of the symptoms of osteochondrosis of the spine is caused by weak physical development, flat feet or overweight. There is also a genetic predisposition to the loose structure of the intervertebral discs and abnormalities in the structure of the spine. Intensive training in the gym in violation of the rules for the distribution of the load on the back, a sitting lifestyle and an improper diet are also unfavorable with regard to the health of the spine.
Symptoms of the spine osteochondrosis
The disease manifests itself as a number of typical symptoms. The spine osteochondrosis is characteristic: pain in the back, a feeling of deafness in the affected spine, a decrease in the amplitude of movements, increased pain when lifting the severe, sharp movement, tension during coughing or sneezing.
Chronic pain as one of the symptoms of osteochondrosis of the spine cause increased tiredness. If the nerve roots of the spine are compressed with spine, the pain can be more intense and sharp. The localization in this case is not limited to the area of the back, but is felt by a person in the area of the limbs.
Stages of osteochondrosis of the spine
The stage of the disease depends on the severity of the symptoms of osteochondrosis of the spine. In the first stage of osteochondrosis of the spine, the pain is practically not to be felt if only the light and the weak stability of the spine in the event of injuries. The destruction of the fibrous ring, a decrease in the size of the vertebral tears and the pain of different intensity is a symptom of osteochondrosis of the spine in the second stage.
The third stage of the disease is characterized by significant deformations of bone and vertebral tissue to the occurrence of intermediate vertical hernia. The symptom of the osteochond can of the spine of the heaviest fourth stage are mass bone growth, limited mobility, intensive pain and a complete or partial paralysis of the limbs caused by compression of the nerve roots.
Symptoms of osteochondrosis of the cervical spine
Osteochondrosis of the cervical spine often leads to circulatory disorders due to the compression of the arteries. This leads to intensive headaches, dizziness and fainting. The vertebral artery syndrome is sometimes observed with osteochondrosis of the cervical spine. It is characterized by a feeling of noise in the head, the image of "flying" or colored spots in front of the eyes. With osteochondrosis of the cervical spine, peripheral pain in the shoulders or hands are also possible.
Symptoms of osteochondrosis of the thoracic spine
Osteochondrosis of the thoracic spine can worsen the course of various cardiac pathologies. The disease causes the progress of interventions -neuralgia (squeezers of intervention nerves). With osteochondrosis of the thoracic spine, pain in the chest and the feeling of the "pile" in the middle of the breast are observed.
Symptoms of osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine
Osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine leads to the development of the following diseases: Lumbago and Hernie.
Ishias is characterized as one of the complications of osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine by damage to the sciatic nerve, pain in the buttocks region, hypotension (reduced sound) of cades and gluts muscles.
With a lumbago symptom of an osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine, there is sharp pain in the lower back, which is caused by a shift in the vertebrae or the loss of the back disk.
Lumbal radiculite, another complication of the osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine, is provoked by hernia of the lowest slices of the spine. It is accompanied by pain in the buttocks with radiation in the back of the thigh, a hole under the knee, a lower leg and foot.
Diagnosis of osteochondrosis of the spine
The preliminary diagnosis of an "osteochondrosis of the spine" is determined by the neurologist after the first examination in connection with the patient's symptoms about back pain and limited mobility. The stage of osteochondrosis of the spine is determined depending on the degree of deformation of the spine, the patient's keeping and the number of disks affected.
All symptoms mentioned above are diagnosed with osteochondrosis of the spine by feeling the patient's back. The doctor also pays attention to the condition of the muscle tone. Since in most cases the disease is accompanied by the hypertension of the back muscles.
Using tests to bend the spine, the amplitude of the patient's movements is determined. Thanks to the use of radiography, CT and MRI, the diagnosis is specified and determines the future tactics of the treatment of the spine osteochondrosis.
Treatment of osteochondrosis of the spine
Conservative and surgical methods are used in the treatment of osteochondose of the spine. The goal of both is to eliminate pain syndrome and prevent further progression of the vertebral sowing formation.
At the same time, only surgical treatment of spinal osteochondrosis is used if the conservative therapy of the disease is ineffective.
The active stage of the application of conservative methods takes an average of 2 months. At the beginning of a short -term increase in pain syndrome, which is caused by the reaction of the body to medicines, physiotherapy exercises (training therapy) and physiotherapy. Massage, manual therapy, extract and reflex zone massage are also used in the conservative treatment of osteochondose of the spine. The effectiveness of the treatment of osteochondrosis of the spine depends on the systematic nature of the procedures and the endurance of the patient itself when executing training therapy complexes.
The surgical treatment of spinal osteochondrosis takes place with a hernia of intervertebral discs, whose long time ago is over 6 months. The display for the operation is also a reduction in the gap between the vertebrae to 1/3 of the initial size and compression of the roots of the spinal cord.
The leading method in the surgical treatment of the spine osteochondrosis is the disk. H. Remove a deformed disc. The operation can be minimally invasive using the microdisectomy method using the microdisectomical method B-Twin system and the laser steaming of the core of a deformed disc using endoscopic tools.
After a surgical treatment of osteochondrosis of the spine, a rehabilitation period is expected for 6 months. In the meantime, the patient is directed to treat the sanatorium resort to undergo a course of physiotherapy, manual therapy, acupuncture, etc.